The reform will raise, following transitional periods, the retirement age to 65 years for both genders, the government said in a statement.
The previous government headed by Borut Pahor tried to overhaul the country's pension system but the voters rejected their effort in a referendum in June 2011.
The passing of the pension reform measures marks the first step in a series of structural reforms which the government of prime minister Janez Jansa began drafting immediately after taking office in February. These include labour market reform, an act establishing a Slovenian Sovereign Holding and a bank rehabilitation act.